This chapter overviews the latest developments in plant metabolomics, explicitly focusing on novel gene identifications, plant species identification, plant root metabolome, plant biomarkers, and plant single-cell metabolomics. This chapter explores the importance of identifying novel genes in plants and their role in enhancing crop yield and tolerance to environmental stresses. It also discusses the challenges of identifying plant species and the various techniques used to overcome them, including metabolite quantitative trait loci and genome-wide association studies. Furthermore, this chapter examines the plant root metabolome and its significance in plant growth and development. It highlights the role of metabolomics in plant biology research, particularly in identifying potential biomarkers for monitoring plant health and productivity. This chapter also covers the emerging field of plant single-cell metabolomics and its potential for advancing our understanding of plant metabolism at the cellular level. In addition, this chapter discusses the application of mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) techniques in plant biology research, particularly in visualizing and mapping the distribution of metabolites in plant tissues. It provides an overview of the different MSI techniques and their advantages and limitations in plant biology research. The information presented in this chapter is valuable to researchers and practitioners in plant biology. It can aid in developing new strategies for improving plant health and productivity.

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